An SQL course typically starts with an Introduction to SQL, covering the basics of relational databases, database management systems, and SQL syntax. It includes setting up SQL environments like MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQL Server. Next, learners explore SQL Fundamentals, such as data types, table creation, primary and foreign keys, and constraints. The course then moves to Data Querying, teaching SELECT statements, filtering with WHERE, sorting using ORDER BY, and grouping data with GROUP BY and HAVING. Further, students learn Data Manipulation techniques like inserting (INSERT INTO), updating (UPDATE), and deleting (DELETE) records. The course also delves into SQL Joins and Relationships, including Inner, Left, Right, and Full Joins, as well as UNION, INTERSECT, and EXCEPT operations. Advanced SQL Concepts cover subqueries, Common Table Expressions (CTEs), window functions like ROW_NUMBER() and RANK(), and stored procedures. To enhance database performance, the course includes Indexing and Optimization, explaining clustered vs. non-clustered indexes, query execution plans, and optimization techniques. Transactions and Concurrency Control are also covered, focusing on ACID properties, COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and handling deadlocks.